Nationalism in India Class 10 Notes History Chapter 3

I. Introduction

    A. Mahatma Gandhi's return to India from South Africa in 1915

    B. Introduction of the concept of Satyagraha

    C. Emphasis on truth and non-violence in the struggle against injustice

II. Satyagraha movements

    A. Champaran Satyagraha (1916) for the rights of plantation workers

    B. Kheda Satyagraha (1917) in support of peasants

    C. Ahmadabad Satyagraha (1918) among cotton mill workers

III. 'Hind Swaraj'

    A. Gandhi's book advocating non-cooperation with British rule

    B. Emphasizing the need for Indian self-reliance and independence

IV. Impact of World War I on India's economy

    A. Decline in Manchester imports, providing opportunities for Indian mills

    B. Expansion of Indian factories and employment due to war needs

    C. Collapse of cotton production and British cloth exports after the war

V. The Rowlatt Act of 1919

    A. Granting the British government repressive powers to suppress political activities

    B. Detention of political prisoners without trial for two years

VI. Jallianwala Bagh incident (1919)

    A. General Dyer's brutal firing on a peaceful gathering in Amritsar

    B. Widespread protests, hartals, and attacks on government buildings

VII. Non-cooperation Movement

    A. Initiated at Nagpur in December 1920

    B. Boycott of foreign goods, picketing of liquor shops, and use of khadi

    C. Resistance by peasants in Awadh, Gudem Hills, and plantation workers in Assam

VIII. Slowing down of the Non-cooperation Movement in cities

    A. Affordability issues with khadi cloth

    B. Lack of alternative Indian institutions to replace British ones

IX. Khilafat Movement

    A. Started in response to the mistreatment of the Caliph of the Ottoman Empire

    B. Collaboration between Mahatma Gandhi and Ali Brothers (Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali)

X. Chauri Chaura incident (1922)

    A. Police firing on a demonstration leads to violent retaliation

    B. Gandhiji calls off the Non-cooperation Movement

XI. Swaraj Party and return to council politics

    A. Founded by C.R. Das and Moti Lai Nehru

    B. Simon Commission boycott and demand for complete independence (Purna Swaraj)

XII. Civil Disobedience Movement

    A. Breakage of colonial laws and boycott of foreign goods intensified

    B. Salt March from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi as a symbol of defiance

    C. Participation of various sections of society, including peasants and workers

XIII. Limits and challenges of the Civil Disobedience Movement

    A. Limited participation by untouchables and lukewarm response from some Muslim organizations

    B. Poona Pact of 1932, granting reserved seats for depressed classes

XIV. Sense of collective belonging

    A. Visual representation through figures like Bharat Mata

    B. Preservation and revival of folklore and traditional culture

    C. Use of national symbols such as flags

    D. Reinterpretation of history to restore pride in India's past

I. Introduction

    A. Mahatma Gandhi's return to India from South Africa in 1915

    B. Introduction of the concept of Satyagraha

    C. Emphasis on truth and non-violence in the struggle against injustice

II. Satyagraha movements

    A. Champaran Satyagraha (1916) for the rights of plantation workers

    B. Kheda Satyagraha (1917) in support of peasants

    C. Ahmadabad Satyagraha (1918) among cotton mill workers

III. 'Hind Swaraj'

    A. Gandhi's book advocating non-cooperation with British rule

    B. Emphasizing the need for Indian self-reliance and independence

IV. Impact of World War I on India's economy

    A. Decline in Manchester imports, providing opportunities for Indian mills

    B. Expansion of Indian factories and employment due to war needs

    C. Collapse of cotton production and British cloth exports after the war

V. The Rowlatt Act of 1919

    A. Granting the British government repressive powers to suppress political activities

    B. Detention of political prisoners without trial for two years

VI. Jallianwala Bagh incident (1919)

    A. General Dyer's brutal firing on a peaceful gathering in Amritsar

    B. Widespread protests, hartals, and attacks on government buildings

VII. Non-cooperation Movement

    A. Initiated at Nagpur in December 1920

    B. Boycott of foreign goods, picketing of liquor shops, and use of khadi

    C. Resistance by peasants in Awadh, Gudem Hills, and plantation workers in Assam

VIII. Slowing down of the Non-cooperation Movement in cities

    A. Affordability issues with khadi cloth

    B. Lack of alternative Indian institutions to replace British ones

IX. Khilafat Movement

    A. Started in response to the mistreatment of the Caliph of the Ottoman Empire

    B. Collaboration between Mahatma Gandhi and Ali Brothers (Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali)

X. Chauri Chaura incident (1922)

    A. Police firing on a demonstration leads to violent retaliation

    B. Gandhiji calls off the Non-cooperation Movement

XI. Swaraj Party and return to council politics

    A. Founded by C.R. Das and Moti Lai Nehru

    B. Simon Commission boycott and demand for complete independence (Purna Swaraj)

XII. Civil Disobedience Movement

    A. Breakage of colonial laws and boycott of foreign goods intensified

    B. Salt March from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi as a symbol of defiance

    C. Participation of various sections of society, including peasants and workers

XIII. Limits and challenges of the Civil Disobedience Movement

    A. Limited participation by untouchables and lukewarm response from some Muslim organizations

    B. Poona Pact of 1932, granting reserved seats for depressed classes

XIV. Sense of collective belonging

    A. Visual representation through figures like Bharat Mata

    B. Preservation and revival of folklore and traditional culture

    C. Use of national symbols such as flags

    D. Reinterpretation of history to restore pride in India's past